Introduction Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of response of a building structure to earthquake. In usual case normal buildings less than 3 stories doesn’t require earthquake analysis (except japan). Engineer know that everything has a natural frequency. A building also has a natural frequency and this is belong… Read More Earthquake/Seismic Analysis
A building is set out in order to clearly define the outline of the excavation and the centre line of the walls, so that construction can be carried out exactly according to the plan. The centre line method of setting out is generally preferred and adopted. 1. From the plan (fig 1), the centre line… Read More Procedure for Setting Out a Building Plan on Ground
Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used for supporting the soil mass laterally so that the soil can be retained at different levels on the two sides. Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to a slope that it would not naturally keep to (typically a steep, near-vertical or vertical slope). They are used to… Read More Retaining Walls for Structural Engineers
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